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Where It Is Now

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Where It Is Now

The Reformed family is smaller than its influence suggests, usually estimated around eighty million if Presbyterians, Continental Reformed, Congregationalists and the Reformed Baptists who share the soteriology are counted together, and it is unusually widely spread.

Its old European bases have thinned severely. The Dutch Reformed churches, once the defining Reformed presence in Europe, have merged, fragmented and shrunk; the Church of Scotland has lost the majority of its membership within two generations; the Hungarian, Swiss and French Reformed churches are small. The growth areas are South Korea, where Presbyterianism is the largest Protestant tradition and highly organised, sub-Saharan Africa, Indonesia and Brazil.

Two things distinguish the family's current condition. The first is a recovery of Reformed theology outside Reformed churches: a substantial movement within Anglophone evangelicalism, much of it Baptist in polity, has adopted Dort's soteriology while rejecting Reformed sacramental and covenantal practice, which means the doctrine is now growing faster than the denominations that codified it.

The second is that the family carries an unresolved historical account. The Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa supplied theological justification for apartheid, and the World Alliance of Reformed Churches suspended it in 1982 and declared the defence of apartheid a heresy; the Belhar Confession of 1986 was written in answer. Reconciliation and reunion among the South African Reformed churches remain incomplete.

Current internal disputes run where they run in most Western Protestant bodies, the ordination of women, which large parts of the family still refuse, and the treatment of same-sex relationships, over which several Reformed denominations have split in the past decade.

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