Morality here means the ethical sense, and the tradition gives it to Jupiter and to the ninth house.
Jupiter is the greater benefic, hot and moist, and its subjects are law, religion, doctrine, philosophy, judges, priests, and the settled institutions that hold a society's account of what is right. It also governs proportion, which is the more interesting half of the signification: Jupiter is the planet of the fitting amount, and the tradition reads its excess as extravagance and presumption rather than as goodness increased.
The ninth house carries the same material by position. It holds religion, the church, philosophy, learning, prophecy and dreams, and the Sun has its joy there. What the ninth adds to Jupiter is the sense that an ethical frame is something a person acquires and stands within, rather than something they simply have.
Saturn supplies the restraint. Where Jupiter gives the principle, Saturn gives the scruple, the fear of consequence and the willingness to accept a limit, and the tradition does not treat the two as opposed. They are the outermost of the visible planets and the two great social planets of the classical scheme, and a reading of moral character examines both, along with the aspect between them.
There is no planet of conscience as such. What the tradition has is a set of dispositions from which conduct follows, which is a smaller and more defensible claim.