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Sigrun
Valkyries
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Sigrun is the valkyrie of Helgakvida Hundingsbana I and II in the Poetic Edda, who chooses the hero Helgi Hundingsbane as her lover against her father's promise of her to another man, prompting Helgi to make war on her family. After Helgi is killed by her own brother Dagr in vengeance, Sigrun dies of grief; the poem's closing stanzas state that the two were reborn as another hero and valkyrie pair, Helgi Haddingjaskati and Kara.
Facts
Life
Office HeldTradition names her a valkyrie, one of Odin's choosers of the slain on the battlefield, before her devotion to the human hero Helgi Hundingsbane draws her away from that office and into her own tragic story. 1 Manner of Death DetailThe poem states she dies of grief soon after Helgi's death, and its closing prose notes an old belief that people were once thought to be reborn, giving rise to the tradition, unusual within the Poetic Edda, that the two lovers returned to life as Helgi Haddingjaskati and the valkyrie Kara. 1 Position Profile
Key TextHelgakvida Hundingsbana I and II, the Lays of Helgi Hundingsbane, in the Poetic Edda. 1 Practice
LineageA valkyrie, daughter of King Hogni, whose love for the hero Helgi Hundingsbane is told across the Poetic Edda's Helgi lays. 1 History
Historical NoteThe rebirth motif closing her story, in which she and Helgi return as a second hero and valkyrie pair, is one of the few clear instances of reincarnation belief recorded in Old Norse literature, a theme scholars note as unusual within a mythology not otherwise organized around rebirth. 1 Origins
Era of CompositionComposed as Old Norse poetry, preserved chiefly in the thirteenth century Codex Regius manuscript. 1 Origin of the NameHer name combines Old Norse words for victory and rune, a naming pattern shared by several valkyrie figures in the Helgi lays and read by scholars as marking their battlefield role rather than as a personal name in the ordinary sense. 1 Identity
Canonical ReferenceHer story survives in two separate redactions within the Poetic Edda's Helgi cycle, Helgakvida Hundingsbana I and II, which differ from each other in narrative detail though both are attributed to the same underlying legend. 1 Attestation
HistoricityLegendary: known from narrative tradition, not the historical record 1 Attributions
Mythic AssociationDefied her father's wishes to marry Helgi after he had slain her betrothed and kinsman in battle, a story preserved in two variant versions of the Helgakvida. 1 TraditionNorse mythology, preserved in the Poetic Edda's heroic poetry. 1 Learn More
Sigrun's Second Night: The Mound Scene of Helgakvida Hundingsbana II
Sigrun is already recorded as dying of grief after Helgi's death and that the poem's closing stanzas hold the two were reborn as another hero and valkyrie pair. Between those two facts sits a scene the existing account does not cover: Helgakvida Hundingsbana II's own ending, in which Helgi returns from the dead to see Sigrun one final time. A servant woman tells Sigrun she has seen Helgi ride with a great retinue into his own burial mound, and Sigrun goes to the mound to find him there, his hair thick with frost, his body marked with blood, his hands wet, which he explains as every tear she has shed for him falling cold and wet onto his corpse. Sigrun does not turn away from what she finds. She prepares a bed inside the mound itself and the two spend the night together as though he had never died, but before daybreak Helgi must return to Valhalla, and the poem is explicit that the visit cannot be repeated: Sigrun goes back to the mound once more hoping to see him again and does not. She lives out the rest of her life waiting for a return the poem never grants her, which gives the reincarnation already recorded its full weight: it is not a consolation offered instead of reunion, but the only reunion the story allows her, arriving only after an entire lifetime spent waiting for the one that could not be repeated.
Sigrun and Brynhild: One Story, or Two Poets' Versions of One
Sigrun's checked Related To edge to Brynhild records a connection scholarship has argued over rather than settled. The Dictionary of Northern Mythology treats the resemblance between the two stories, a valkyrie who loves a hero against her father's promise of her to another man, a hero killed by a kinsman of hers, as too close to be coincidental, while being explicit that which came first, or whether the two were ever a single figure split by later poets, cannot be determined from the surviving texts. Sigrun belongs to Helgi Hundingsbane's story, the son of Sigmund; Brynhild belongs to Sigurd's, another of Sigmund's sons, and the parallel is sharpened rather than resolved by that shared family frame. The confusion runs deeper than plot resemblance. A separate Eddic poem, Sigrdrifumal, appears to identify its own valkyrie, Sigrdrifa, with Sigrun herself, layering a third name onto a pattern scholars already describe as tangled past any clean unpicking. What the connection between Sigrun and Brynhild actually records, on the evidence available, is not a shared appearance in one story but a shared narrative office, the valkyrie who loves against her father's will and loses that love to a kinsman's blade, filled independently in more than one telling and never fully reconciled into a single figure by the poets who told them.
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