Divinity Atlas

Sacred Correspondences
Meridians

Triple Burner

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Origin 1945 to 1963

The Triple Burner meridian (Hand Lesser Yang), or San Jiao, runs from the ring finger up the arm to the side of the head. It has a name but no single organ form, coordinating the three body cavities (upper, middle and lower burners) and governing the movement of Qi and fluids throughout them. Paired with the Pericardium in the Fire phase. Peak activity 9pm to 11pm.

Facts
Origins
Origin Period
1945 to 1963 1Tradition: Traditional Chinese Medicine as standardised in the People's Republic
Origin Period
200 BCE to 168 BCE 2Tradition: Mawangdui medical manuscripts
Origin Period
c. 100 BCE - 100 CE 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin Period
The twelve-conduit system, paired yin and yang, circulating in a daily round and tied to the viscera, is set out in the Huangdi neijing corpus 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin Period
This is the layer the classical theory belongs to 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Origin of the Name
The English "meridian" is a translator's term, not a rendering of the Chinese. Jingmai and jingluo mean conduits, channels and the vessels branching from them; scholarly translation gives conduits or vessels, and "meridian" imports a cartographic image the Chinese does not carry. 2
Language
Classical Chinese 2
Attestation
Meaning in the Attesting Source
The san jiao is given a function and no viscus. It is the one conduit among the twelve whose paired organ does not exist as a body part, and the classical texts describe it by what it does with fluid and qi through the three divisions of the trunk rather than by what it is. 3Tradition: Huangdi neijing
Chinese Correspondences
Yin or Yang
Yang 3
Learn More
The Triple Burner Meridian

The Triple Burner meridian (Shou Shao Yang San Jiao Jing) is one of the twelve principal channels of Chinese medicine, the network along which qi is held to circulate through the body. It is a Yang channel, paired with the Triple Burner (San Jiao), and belongs to the phase of Fire in the five-phase (wu xing) scheme.

Function in the tradition

In the theory of the channels this meridian is concerned with the passageways of water and qi through the three divisions of the trunk; it has a function rather than a single organ. The twelve principal channels are arranged in yin-yang pairs and in a daily cycle through which qi is said to pass from one to the next, and the points along them are those used in acupuncture and related therapies.

The meridian is described here as a concept of traditional Chinese medicine, a system of ideas and practice with a long documented history, rather than as an anatomical structure of Western physiology.

The Organ with a Name and No Form

The Triple Burner, san jiao, is the standing puzzle of Chinese medicine, and it has been a puzzle within the tradition rather than only to outside readers. The Nanjing, the Classic of Difficult Issues, compiled in the first or second century, states the problem directly in its thirty eighth and twenty fifth difficulties: this is an organ that has a name and no form. Later commentators disagreed with each other about it for well over a thousand years, and they have not stopped.

What the tradition assigns to it is a function rather than a structure: the passage of water and of qi through three divisions of the trunk, an upper burner above the diaphragm, a middle burner between diaphragm and navel, and a lower burner below. Some writers treat it as the relationship between the organs rather than as an organ; some treat it as the membranes and spaces between them; some treat the term as purely functional.

For the atlas the interest is that a system often described from outside as rigidly schematic contains, at its centre, an item its own canonical texts flag as unresolved. That is a genuine internal debate with identifiable camps, not a gap.

The channel itself is unambiguous, running from the ring finger up the back of the arm to the outer eyebrow, paired with the Pericardium in the Fire phase.

Cross-Tradition Connections

Associated With

Acupuncture points lie along the twelve primary meridians and two extraordinary vessels, including the Triple Burner meridian; needling a point is meant to affect qi flow along its meridian.

Source Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)Traditionally attributed to Huangdi; actual authorship unknown

TCM organizes diagnosis and treatment, including acupuncture point selection, around the twelve primary meridians and two extraordinary vessels along which qi is held to flow, including the Triple Burner meridian.

Source Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)Traditionally attributed to Huangdi; actual authorship unknown

Disciplines That Use This

Tai Chi, Disciplines

The meridians the practice claims to move qi along.

Originates in Language

Source Medicine in China: A History of IdeasPaul U. Unschuld

Related To

One of the twelve principal meridians (jingluo) through which qi is said to circulate.

Sources
1. Chinese Medicine in Early Communist China, 1945-1963: A Medicine of Revolution
Kim Taylor, RoutledgeCurzon, 2005On the standardisation of Chinese medicine as a national system
2. Medicine in China: A History of Ideas
Paul U. Unschuld, University of California Press, 1985On the doctrine of the conduits, the circulation of qi, and the system of the five phasesView the Source
3. Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen: An Annotated Translation of Huang Di's Inner Classic - Basic Questions
Paul U. Unschuld and Hermann Tessenow, University of California Press, 2011The Su wen on the conduits and the organ functions assigned to them
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