Obstruction, Line 4

The fourth line of Obstruction (King Wen 39) is drawn as yin, the numeral six in the old divination manuals. James Legge's translation renders the line as going forward leads to difficulty, remaining still he joins with those in a correct place. The image sits inside a hexagram whose judgment as a whole concerns advantage found in the southwest, and the contrary in the northeast, advantage in seeing the great man, and in being firm and correct, and this line supplies one stage of that larger reading rather than a complete statement on its own.

Structurally the line stands at the lowest place of the upper trigram Kan, water in Legge's readings of the eight trigrams, while the lower trigram of the hexagram is Gen, mountain in the same traditional set of images. The Great Symbolism of the hexagram reads water above a mountain; the superior man turns round to examine himself and cultivates his virtue, and the fourth line takes its place inside that combined picture of Gen below and Kan above.

Read on its own the line neither opens nor closes the hexagram's argument. It marks the point where Kan is either forming (in the lower trigram) or completing itself (in the upper), and later interpreters treat its image, Joining Those in a Correct Place, as the concrete case through which the hexagram's abstract judgment becomes visible in a single situation rather than a general principle.

As a divinatory line, six at the fourth place of Obstruction reads within the hexagram's overall concern with advantage found in the southwest, and the contrary in the northeast, advantage in seeing the great man, and in being firm and correct. The line occupies a place proper to its own nature in the classical doctrine that odd places favour a firm, yang line and even places favour a yielding, yin line. Its own text, that going forward leads to difficulty, remaining still he joins with those in a correct place, is the particular fortune assigned to this one stage of the situation, not to the hexagram as a whole.

The fourth line corresponds by classical convention with the first line, and the two do not correspond here, since both lines share the same character. Read together with the trigram it belongs to, Kan in the upper position of the figure, the line marks the first word of the upper trigram, close enough to the ruling fifth line to be shaped by it, one stage in the six stage movement the hexagram traces from its first line to its last.

A change at this line, from yin to its opposite, is the mechanism the tradition uses to move from one hexagram to another. Flipping the fourth line of Obstruction turns Kan into Dui while the other trigram, Gen, stays as it is, which yields Obstruction's changing partner, Influence (King Wen 31), the hexagram this line is recorded as transforming into.