Home›Sacred Objects, Dress & Symbols›Sacred Art & Iconography›Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara (Cleveland Museum of Art, 1971.18)Sacred Art & IconographyTemptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara (Cleveland Museum of Art, 1971.18)Ivory carving with gold and polychrome, Northern India, Kashmir, 8th century, Cleveland Museum of Art 1971.18Citation FormatsGeneral ReferenceGeneral Reference Citation TextDivinity Atlas. "Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara (Cleveland Museum of Art, 1971.18)." Accessed August 30, 2026. https://dev-divinity.interactiveatlas.org/sacred-art-iconography/mara-temptation-cma-1971-18.Copy General ReferenceAPA StyleAPA Style Citation TextDivinity Atlas. (n.d.). Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara (Cleveland Museum of Art, 1971.18). Retrieved August 30, 2026, from https://dev-divinity.interactiveatlas.org/sacred-art-iconography/mara-temptation-cma-1971-18Copy APA StyleBibTeXBibTeX Citation Text@misc{divinityatlas-temptation-of-buddha-by-the-evil-forces, author = {Divinity Atlas}, title = {Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara (Cleveland Museum of Art, 1971.18)}, year = {2026}, url = {https://dev-divinity.interactiveatlas.org/sacred-art-iconography/mara-temptation-cma-1971-18}, note = {Accessed August 30, 2026} }Copy BibTeXScriptural and Theological TraditionVerifiedAn ivory carving with gold and polychrome titled "Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara," Northern India, Kashmir, 8th century, showing Mara's armies assailing Siddhartha Gautama as he sits beneath the Bodhi tree on the eve of his enlightenment. Held today by the Cleveland Museum of Art under accession 1971.18, Indian and Southeast Asian Art department, Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund.Cross-Tradition ConnectionsSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)Cross-Tradition ConnectionsAssociated WithKashmir, Regions Well-attested This source names Kashmir directly: "Evil Forces of Mara," Northern India, Kashmir, 8th century, showing Mara's armies assailing Siddhartha Gautama as he sits beneath the Bodhi tree on the eve of his enlightenment."Source Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara, accession 1971.18 (Cleveland Museum of Art)tier 1Siddhartha Gautama, Figures Well-attested This source names Siddhartha Gautama directly: "showing Mara's armies assailing Siddhartha Gautama as he sits beneath the Bodhi tree on the eve of his enlightenment."Source Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara, accession 1971.18 (Cleveland Museum of Art)tier 1Belongs to TraditionBuddhism, Religions Well-attested Source Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara, accession 1971.18 (Cleveland Museum of Art)tier 1DepictsMara, Figures Well-attested The Cleveland Museum of Art's own title for this ivory carving names the subject outright, "Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara," a direct identification rather than a bare thematic tag.Source Temptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara, accession 1971.18 (Cleveland Museum of Art)tier 1SourcesTemptation of Buddha by the Evil Forces of Mara, accession 1971.18 (Cleveland Museum of Art)tier 1Cleveland Museum of Artaccession 1971.18View the SourceComments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.View At A Past YearThe atlas records no dated fact of its own for this entry, so there is no other year to choose.Show This Year