Origin from 1839
Yamunotri is a Hindu temple in Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand, set beside the Bhagirathi valley at about 3,293 metres in the Garhwal Himalaya. It marks the traditional source region of the river Yamuna, worshipped as the goddess Yamuna, daughter of the sun god Surya and twin sister of Yama, god of death. The present temple was built in 1839 by Raja Sudarshan Shah of Tehri and has been rebuilt more than once after earthquake and avalanche damage. Yamunotri is one of the Chota Char Dham, the four smaller Himalayan pilgrimage sites paired with the older Char Dham circuit, and is usually the first stop pilgrims make on that circuit. The shrine is open only from spring to autumn, closing for winter when snow blocks the route, and a nearby hot spring at Surya Kund is used by pilgrims to cook offerings before darshan.
Facts
Site
Type of SiteSacred river, lake, spring or sea 1 Type of Site DetailHimalayan Hindu temple marking the source region of the river Yamuna, worshipped as a goddess, one of the Chota Char Dham pilgrimage sites. 1 PilgrimageMajor pilgrimage destination today 1 Origins
Origin Period RegionUttarakhand, in the Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarkashi district 1 Status
Status TodayIn active religious use 1 Location
Learn More
The Legend and Pilgrimage of Yamunotri
According to Hindu tradition, the goddess Yamuna is the daughter of the sun god Surya and the twin sister of Yama, the god of death, and bathing in her waters is said to spare a soul the pain that awaits those who die without ever having done so, a promise that echoes the Ganges' own association with liberation from rebirth. The temple's shrine houses a black marble image of the goddess, and legend holds that the sage Asit Muni once lived on the riverbank here in constant devotion to her, keeping a hermitage that pilgrims still associate with the site. The temple itself is reached on foot from Janki Chatti, a steep climb of several kilometres along the Bhagirathi valley, and pilgrims commonly stop at the nearby hot spring, Surya Kund, where the water is hot enough to cook rice and potatoes wrapped in cloth, offered afterward at the shrine as prasad. Because winter snow closes the high valley for months at a time, the temple opens only from spring into autumn, and its opening each year is treated as the ceremonial start of the wider Char Dham pilgrimage season, drawing an early wave of pilgrims who then continue on to Gangotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath. Earthquakes and avalanches have damaged the structure more than once since Raja Sudarshan Shah built it in 1839, and the temple standing today reflects several later repairs rather than a single unbroken original.
Cross-Tradition Connections
Belongs to Tradition
Contained In
Sources
1. Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)
Encyclopaedia Britannica editors, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 2024latitude factView the Source 1. Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)
Encyclopaedia Britannica editors, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 2024longitude factView the Source 1. Encyclopaedia Britannica (online academic reference)
Encyclopaedia Britannica editors, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 2024Yamunotri entry, geography, temple history and Char Dham roleView the Source Reader Challenges (0 open reader challenges)
No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.
Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.
View At A Past Year
Choose a year to see this entry's facts and connections as the atlas records them at that moment: what it held then, what it held instead, and what it had not yet adopted. Choose Present for the current record.