The American Practical Navigator, commonly called Bowditch after its original author Nathaniel Bowditch, is a navigation reference now maintained and issued by the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, an official government body responsible for navigational and geospatial standards. Its authority comes from official maintenance and continuous revision to remain accurate for real navigational use, not from any single author's ongoing involvement, since Bowditch himself died in 1838 and the work has been updated by the agency ever since. The atlas cites it for factual, technical content such as celestial navigation and calendar mechanics rather than for any religious claim. Its limit here is exactly that it is a navigation manual, not a source on the religious or symbolic meaning some traditions attach to celestial navigation.
Facts
Citation
AuthorNathaniel Bowditch; National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
PublisherNational Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
Publication Year2019
URLhttps://msi.nga.mil/Publications/APN
Source Typereference
Assessment
Reliability Tier1
The American Practical Navigator (Bowditch), the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency's standard navigation reference defining the thirty two point compass rose and true bearings in degrees. NotesStandard navigation reference defining the 32-point compass rose and true bearings in degrees.
Claims Backed By This Source (56 claims)
This source backs 56 claims across the atlas. As facts: 40 well-attested. Plus 16 entities citing it as a general reference with no single fact or relationship attached.
Disposition By Topic
- Directions, 40 claims: 24 well-attested, 16 general references.
- Articles, 8 claims: 8 well-attested.
- Sources, 8 claims: 8 well-attested.
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